Simultaneous detection of multiple mycotoxins in broiler feeds using a liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry

Mycotoxins are secondary fungal metabolites that are typically present in grain and feed ingredients used for animal feeds. An analytical method using LC-ESI-MS/MS was developed to quantify nine mycotoxins, consisting of aflatoxin B₁ (AFB₁), AFB₂, AFG₁, AFG₂, T-2 toxin, deoxynivalenol (DON), nivalenol (NIV), zearalenone (ZEA) and ochratoxin A (OTA) in broiler feeds. In total, 100 samples of broiler feeds were collected from poultry farms in Central Thailand. The survey found that AFB₁ and ZEA were the most prevalent mycotoxins in the feed samples at percentages of 93% and 63%, respectively. The limit of detections (LODs) of investigated mycotoxins was 0.20–0.78 ng/g. AFB₂, DON, AFG₁, NIV and T-2 toxin were also detectable at low contamination levels with percentages of 20%, 9%, 7%, 5% and 1%, respectively, whereas OTA and AFG₂ were not detected in any of the feed samples. These results suggest that there is a very low level of risk of the exposure to mycotoxins in feeds obtained from broiler farms in Central Thailand.     

Heavy Metals Residues in Soil,Feed and Beef of the Cattle Industry in Yili area of Xinjiang

In order to understand the situation of heavy metal residues of the beef industry chain in Yili area of Xinjiang.The heavy metals (Pb, As, Hg, Cr and Cd) in soil, feed and beef of the cattle farm were determined using the atomic absorption spectrometry.The results showed that the heavy metal (Pb, As, Hg, Cr and Cd)contents in soil samples were 0.03-0.20, 3.87-8.30, 0.15-0.23, 0.09-0.48 and 0.41-0.86 mg/kg, respectively.The heavy metal (Pb, As, Hg, Cr and Cd) contents in feed samples were 3.01-18.09, 75.35-94.27, 19.65-24.37, 0.06-1.04 and 1.81-8.46 μg/kg, respectively.The heavy metal (Pb, As, Hg, Cr and Cd) contents in beef samples were 0.23-0.54, 1.22-7.12, 0.28-0.53, 0.01-0.27 and 0.02-0.03 μg/kg, respectively.The correlation coefficient of the heavy metal element between soil and feed, feed and beef, soil and beef were 0.96, 0.99 and 0.98, respectively.It was concluded that the heavy metal (Pb, As, Hg, Cr and Cd) contents in soil, feed and beef of the cattle farms in Yili area did not exceed the standard and that in the soil, feed and beef had the high correlations.     

投喂蚕豆和普通配合饲料草鱼肌肉营养成分比较分析及营养评价

对投喂蚕豆和普通配合饲料的2组草鱼（Ctenopharyngodon idellus）肌肉中的胶原蛋白、钙离子（Ca2＋）、氨基酸和脂肪酸含量进行了比较分析，并对其营养价值与食用价值进行了评价。结果显示，投喂蚕豆草鱼肌肉中胶原蛋白和Ca2＋的质量分数分别为（0．149±0．011）％和（0．036±0．011）％，比投喂普通配合饲料的草鱼分别提高了36．7％和154％。投喂蚕豆草鱼肌肉中氨基酸总量为（16．802±1．823）％，投喂普通配合饲料草鱼氨旗酸总量为（18．444±0．850）％；投喂蚕豆草鱼肌肉中4种鲜味氨基酸[天冬氨酸（Asp）、谷氮酸（Glu）、甘氯酸（Gyl）和丙氨酸（Ala）]总质量分数为（6．613±0．771）％，低于投喂普通配合饲料草鱼。投喂蚕豆荦：鱼和投喂普通配合饲料草鱼肌肉中不饱和脂肪酸（UFA）总量分别占脂肪酸总量的73．857％和76．334％，其中单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFA）分别占脂肪总量的（55．598±2．403）％和（33．832±2．755）％。结果表明，投喂蚕豆荦：鱼叽肉中胶原蛋白和Ca2＋含量比投喂普通配合饲料的草鱼有显著提高，但其鲜味程度、氨基酸以及小饱和脂肪酸含鞋比投喂普通配合饲料草鱼低。     

浸泡对浮性饲料粗蛋白含量及水质的影响

在11℃与25℃下,测定养殖池水浸泡浮性饲料24 h后粗蛋白及水体中总氨氮和总磷含量的变化。试验结果表明,随着浸泡时间的延长,饲料粗蛋白逐渐下降,而水体总氨氮和总磷浓度逐渐升高。浸泡4 h,25℃组饲料粗蛋白从初始(29.983±0.262)%降至(12.930±0.339)%,降幅56.9%,极显著高于11℃组的下降幅度(P<0.01),浸泡24 h,2个温度组饲料粗蛋白均下降80%以上。浸泡24h,11℃组和25℃组水体中的总氨氮浓度由初始的(0.135±0.001)mg/L分别增至(0.427±0.003)mg/L和(0.590±0.002)mg/L;总磷含量由初始的(0.075±0.001)mg/L分别增至(1.199±0.002)mg/L和(1.271±0.008)mg/L。建议在养殖过程中,尤其是高温季节,尽量缩短浮性饲料在水中的停留时间。     

利用SSR﹑EST-SSR、SNP标记对鲤食物转化率、体厚、体质量3种性状的分析

利用Windows Map Manager2.0的标记回归法对鲤(Cyprinus carpio L.)F2群体进行单标记定位分析.用91个SSR标记、33个EST标记、364个SNP标记对鲤进行全基因组扫描,结果得到与食物转化率、体厚、体质量3个性状显著相关(P＜0.05)的标记,分别为27、35、27个,其中与食物转化率相关的标记SNP0041、SNP0044,其相关性达到极显著水平(P＜0.001),贡献率分别达到15%、16%.这些标记可作为分子标记辅助育种的参考标记.将得到的与食物转化率显著相关的EST座位HLJEl4、HLJE253和与体质量显著相关的HLJE253座位在NCBI上进行BLAST比对,结果显示HLJE253与斑马鱼上编码ORF2结构蛋白的基因相关,相关程度达61%.将得到的与3种性状相关的SNP标记在NCBI上进行序列查找,通过Blast比对找到相关的基因,并对可能的功能作了注释.     

水产颗粒饲料投饵装置的原理与应用

本文分析了离心抛撒式投饵机、气力输送式投饵机和水力输送式投饵机等三种型式投饵机的技术原理与应用，指出水力输送式投饵机适合水产湿颗粒饲料自动投饵，但应解决好湿颗粒饲料机生产能力与水力输送式投饵机投饵能力的衔接配套、降低湿颗粒饲料在输送过程中的饵料溃散技术，以及根据养殖品种不同，分别进行抛投技术处理等问题。     

抗氧化剂在配合饲料中抗氧化能力的测定研究

饲料抗氧化剂是饲料工业生产中不可缺少的一类添加剂,但对抗氧化剂在配合饲料中抗氧化活性的检测方法的研究很少。实验通过对饲料脂类抽提方法的比较及验证实验,建立了配合饲料过氧化值的检测方法,该方法测定的过氧化值回收率在111%～120%之间。利用此方法对两种不同抗氧化剂在猪配合饲料与膨化大豆中的抗氧化能力进行测定,结果与直接利用油脂得到的数据结果相一致,表明该方法可行。     

Effect of dietary replacement of fish meal by soybean protein concentrate on growth performance and phosphorus discharging of juvenile black sea bream,Acanthopagrus schlegelii

The 8‐week experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of partial replacement of fish meal (FM) with soybean protein concentrate (SPC) on juvenile black sea bream, Acanthopagrus schlegelii (10.70 ± 0.04 g). Diets were formulated to replace FM protein by SPC at 0, 8, 16, 24, 32 or 40% (designated as T1, T2, T3, T4, T5 and T6, respectively). Diets except T1 were supplemented with phytase at 2000 phytase activity U kg^?1. The results showed that survival rate, growth performance and feed utilization were not significantly affected by increasing dietary SPC. Fish fed diet T3 had higher feed intake compared to those fed T1, T2 and T5 diets. Whole body compositions of black sea bream were significantly influenced by SPC replacing FM except for protein, ash and phosphorus content. Condition factor of fish was significantly lower in T2 than that of fish in T3 group. Apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of dry matter was higher in fish fed T6 diet than those of fish fed T1 and T2 diets, ADCs of phosphorus increased with dietary SPC level up to T3 and then decreased. The results obtained in this study indicate that FM protein could be effectively replaced by SPC protein with phytase in diet of black sea bream.     

经济新常态下的饲料行业发展影响因素

目前中国经济正逐步向新常态转型,对经济发展的质量、速度、结构、内涵都有了新的要求。在经济新常态下,饲料行业的发展会受到来自不同层面的多种影响。文章通过总结目前中国饲料生产行业所受阻碍,对饲料行业发展的影响因素进行了分析,并针对这些因素提出了合理化建议,以帮助饲料企业不断发展。 [关键词]饲料|经济新常态|创新     

大数据技术对饲料企业会计信息化的挑战及应对措施

计算机技术的飞速发展,对会计体系产生了重大的影响,会计信息化能够提升饲料企业的发展效能并推动企业的长远发展。大数据技术的应用能为会计信息化带来诸多优势,但同时也使会计信息化面临安全性、技术标准以及转型等方面的挑战。本文详细阐述了大数据技术给饲料企业会计信息化带来的优势与挑战,并提出了相关应对措施,以期为饲料企业的会计信息化建设与完善提供一些参考。 [关键词] 大数据技术|饲料企业|会计信息化